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Organ donation : ウィキペディア英語版 | Organ donation
Organ donation is the donation of biological tissue or an organ of the human body from a living or dead person to a living recipient in need of a transplantation. Transplantable organs and tissues are removed in a surgical procedure following a determination, based on the donor's medical and social history, of which are suitable for transplantation. Such procedures are termed allotransplantations, distinguish them from xenotransplantation, the transfer of animal organs into human bodies. As of June 21, 2013, there are 118,617 people waiting for life-saving organ transplants in the U.S. Of these, 96,645 await kidney transplants. While views of organ donation are positive there is a large gap between the numbers of registered donors compared to those awaiting organ donations on a global level. In 2015, a baby with anencephaly who lived for only 100 minutes has donated his kidneys as the youngest organ donor to an adult with renal failure. Within the same year, researchers from the Ganogen Research Institute transplanted human fetal kidneys from therapeutic abortions, including from fetuses with anencephaly, into animals for future transplantation into human patients.〔http://www.cbsnews.com/news/growing-human-kidneys-in-rats-sparks-ethical-debate/〕 The animals were able to survive on the human kidney alone, demonstrating both function and growth of the human organ. 〔http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajt.13149/abstract〕 ==Legislation and global perspectives== The laws of different countries allow potential donors to permit or refuse donation, or give this choice to relatives. The frequency of donations varies among countries.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Organ donation」の詳細全文を読む
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